How to use the markupsafe.escape function in MarkupSafe

def test_escape_return_type(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(escape('a'), Markup)
        self.assertIsInstance(escape(Markup('a')), Markup)
        class Foo:
            def __html__(self):
                return '<strong>Foo</strong>'
        self.assertIsInstance(escape(Foo()), Markup)

def imp(self, trans, dataset_id=None, **kwd):
        """ Import another user's dataset via a shared URL; dataset is added to user's current history. """
        # Set referer message.
        referer = trans.request.referer
        if referer:
            referer_message = "<a href="%s">return to the previous page</a>" % escape(referer)
        else:
            referer_message = "<a href="%s">go to Galaxy's start page</a>" % url_for('/')
        # Error checking.
        if not dataset_id:
            return trans.show_error_message("You must specify a dataset to import. You can %s." % referer_message, use_panels=True)
        # Do import.
        cur_history = trans.get_history(create=True)
        status, message = self._copy_datasets(trans, [dataset_id], [cur_history], imported=True)
        message = "Dataset imported. <br>You can <a href="%s">start using the dataset</a> or %s." % (url_for('/'), referer_message)
        return trans.show_message(message, type=status, use_panels=True)

def tag_attribute(name, value):
    if value is NoValue:
        return escape(name)
    return u'%s="%s"' % (escape(name), escape(value))

def get_value(self, trans, grid, item):
        """ Returns first 150 characters of annotation. """
        annotation = self.get_item_annotation_str(trans.sa_session, item.user, item)
        if annotation:
            ann_snippet = annotation[:155]
            if len(annotation) > 155:
                ann_snippet = ann_snippet[:ann_snippet.rfind(' ')]
                ann_snippet += "..."
        else:
            ann_snippet = ""
        return escape(ann_snippet)

def link(self, link, title, text):
        if self.record is not None:
            url = url_parse(link)
            if not url.scheme:
                link = self.record.url_to('!' + link,
                                          base_url=get_ctx().base_url)
        link = escape(link)
        if not title:
            return '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (link, text)
        title = escape(title)
        return '<a title="%s" href="%s">%s</a>' % (link, title, text)

def _deserialize(occ):
            try:
                dt = dateutil.parser.parse('{} {}'.format(occ['date'], occ['time']))
            except ValueError:
                raise ValueError('Invalid date/time: {} {}'.format(escape(occ['date']), escape(occ['time'])))
            return localize_as_utc(dt, self.timezone), timedelta(minutes=occ['duration'])

def error(text, settings):
        """Initialize a new error popup."""
        popup = Popup((
            settings.popup_maximum_width, settings.popup_maximum_height
        ))
        popup.__popup_type = 'panel-error "ECC: Error"'
        popup.__text = markupsafe.escape(text)
        return popup

# Node must have at least one registered admin user
        admin_query = self._get_admin_contributors_query(self._contributors.all()).exclude(user=contributor)
        if not admin_query.exists():
            return False

        contrib_obj = self.contributor_set.get(user=contributor)
        contrib_obj.delete()

        # After remove callback
        for addon in self.get_addons():
            message = addon.after_remove_contributor(self, contributor, auth)
            if message:
                # Because addons can return HTML strings, addons are responsible
                # for markupsafe-escaping any messages returned
                status.push_status_message(message, kind='info', trust=True, id='remove_addon', extra={
                    'addon': markupsafe.escape(addon.config.full_name),
                    'category': markupsafe.escape(self.category_display),
                    'title': markupsafe.escape(self.title),
                    'user': markupsafe.escape(contributor.fullname)
                })

        if log:
            self.add_log(
                action=NodeLog.CONTRIB_REMOVED,
                params={
                    'project': self.parent_id,
                    'node': self._id,
                    'contributors': [contributor._id],
                },
                auth=auth,
                save=False,
            )

def _process_text(s):
    s = escape(s)
    s = urlize(s)
    return s.replace('\n', '<br>')

admin_query = self._get_admin_contributors_query(self._contributors.all()).exclude(user=contributor)
        if not admin_query.exists():
            return False

        contrib_obj = self.contributor_set.get(user=contributor)
        contrib_obj.delete()

        # After remove callback
        for addon in self.get_addons():
            message = addon.after_remove_contributor(self, contributor, auth)
            if message:
                # Because addons can return HTML strings, addons are responsible
                # for markupsafe-escaping any messages returned
                status.push_status_message(message, kind='info', trust=True, id='remove_addon', extra={
                    'addon': markupsafe.escape(addon.config.full_name),
                    'category': markupsafe.escape(self.category_display),
                    'title': markupsafe.escape(self.title),
                    'user': markupsafe.escape(contributor.fullname)
                })

        if log:
            self.add_log(
                action=NodeLog.CONTRIB_REMOVED,
                params={
                    'project': self.parent_id,
                    'node': self._id,
                    'contributors': [contributor._id],
                },
                auth=auth,
                save=False,
            )